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【透视社·民生沸点】微短剧付费到底有多“坑”？_我的网站

A |     CIRCLEVILLE, Ohio -- As Jadarrius Rose drove his 18-wheeler through rural Ohio, a simple missing mudflap caught the highway patrol’s eye. The trip ended with a police dog’s powerful jaws clamping down on Rose even as he tried to surrender. As he stood with his hands up beside the highway on July 4, at least six law enforcement officers surrounded him at a distance, one calling forcefully to the K-9 handler: “Do not release the dog," highway patrol video shows.Nevertheless, a Belgian Malinois is seen on the video either breaking free or being set loose. At first, the animal seems confused, racing past Rose toward officers at the far end of the truck, then turning back and running for Rose, then 23.By then the trucker is on his knees, hands still high, as an officer shouts, “Get the dog off of him!”That day, Rose joined a long list of Black Americans attacked by police dogs, a history well documented by journalists, academics and filmmakers. Investigations into such cases have been launched regularly in recent years. For some, the scenes harken back to the Civil Rights Movement, when authorities often turned dogs and firehoses on peaceful Black protesters marching for equality. The Associated Press captured one such attack in a photograph from Birmingham, Alabama, taken in the spring of 1963. It shows two police officers setting a pair of K-9s on 15-year-old Walter Gadsden. One of the dogs lunges straight for the teenager’s belly as the other strains against his leash, panting. Over the past five years, controversial police K-9 attacks have made headlines across the U.S.Records reviewed by the AP in 2018 showed the Ohio State Highway Patrol used drug dogs in 28% of its stops involving Black motorists from 2013 through 2017, although the Black population accounts for only about 11.5% of people old enough to have a driver’s permit or license in the state. The Salt Lake City police department suspended its dog apprehension program in 2020 after a Black man was bitten and an audit found 27 dog bite cases during the previous two years.The FBI opened an investigation into the police department in Woodson Terrace, Missouri, in 2021 after cellphone video showed three officers allowing a dog to repeatedly bite a Black man. And in 2020, a Black man in Lafayette, Indiana, was placed in a medically induced coma after police dogs mauled him as he was arrested in a battery case. Circleville, located about 25 miles (40 km) south of Columbus, Ohio, resembles many rural towns across the country. The city's downtown is filled with restaurants, law offices and a bakery. Flags honoring fallen servicemen and women hang from lampposts lining Main Street. While the picture may be idyllic to some of the town’s 14,000 residents, the Rev. Derrick Holmes, longtime leader of the Second Baptist Church, said Black and white residents describe their lives very differently.“Everyone doesn’t have the same experience, even though they’re all in the same town,” Holmes said. “And I think those divisions exist around the realities of bigotry, the realities of racism.”At church services the day after the video of Rose’s arrest aired, Holmes said the congregation was appalled, but not entirely surprised.“People were horrified by it,” he said. “Angered by it. Frustrated by it. And also there was a feeling of, ‘Well, here we go again.’”This isn’t the first time Circleville police have grappled with uncomfortable questions about how they train and use police dogs. Nearly 20 years ago, a founder of the K-9 unit sued the department after he was fired for insubordination. Officer David Haynes had publicly opposed cutting training hours for dogs and their handlers to 172 hours annually from 500 hours, according to court documents. Haynes warned in a 2003 memo that “words like ‘deliberate indifference,’ ‘negligence’ and ‘failure to train’ will someday be brought up.”Today, Circleville’s K-9s train 16 hours per month, or 192 hours a year, according to the department. Police Chief Shawn Baer did not respond to numerous messages seeking comment.Employing dogs to dominate a population can be traced back at least to European settlers colonizing the Americas, when the animals were used against Indigenous people. They were introduced in Southern U.S. states to capture — and sometimes kill — enslaved Black people who escaped, said Madalyn Wasilczuk, a University of South Carolina professor and author of a law journal article titled, “ The Racialized Violence of Police Canine Force.”Wasilczuk found data on K-9 police attacks sparse, but said the animals are often used in nonviolent situations and their presence can lead to serious injury. “When you talk about an apprehension, police talk about bite and hold, and that sounds very antiseptic,” Wasilczuk said. “But when you look at a video of what happens, you see a dog doing what it does with a chew toy, which is it grabs on, it tries to hold on, its head whips back and forth and its teeth are sunk into that body part as deeply as they can.”In Rose’s case, law enforcement originally sought to pull him over because of his truck’s missing mudflap, according to a highway patrol report. Circleville Police were there to assist. What happened next can be pieced together from law enforcement video and the incident report.Rose initially didn't stop as police pursued him. When he did, he saw officers with their guns drawn and took off again. At some point, he called 911 and told a dispatcher he feared the officers were “trying to kill” him. After pulling over a second time, he delayed getting out of the truck and did not immediately get on the ground as instructed.He initially was charged with a felony for failing to comply with officers, but prosecutors dropped the case. Online court documents show Rose was charged Sept. 26 with a misdemeanor version of the offense and there is an active warrant for his arrest. Neither Rose nor his attorney responded to repeated messages seeking comment.It’s not clear why a K-9 unit was at the scene that day. Michael Gould, a former New York City police officer and founding member of the NYPD’s K-9 unit, said officers appeared to have control once they surrounded Rose with their guns drawn. And then there’s the image of Rose with his hands up.“He was compliant and not a threat to anyone,” Gould said. Rose required hospital care for the bites he suffered. Whether he sustained lasting injury is unclear. The dog’s police handler, Officer Ryan Speakman, was fired, but the Ohio Patrolman’s Benevolent Association filed a grievance on his behalf arguing the officer was fired without just cause. Circleville City Councilwoman Caryn Koch-Esterline said police have yet to account for what happened.“I’m just waiting for all the information to come out,” she said in a brief interview with the AP three months after Rose’s arrest.For those working to improve race relations in Ohio, the roadside attack was a reminder of all that is still left to do.“If it were a white man and a dog was unleashed on that individual, what would that community be saying? I bet they would be up in arms,” said Nana Jones, president of the Columbus Chapter of the NAACP.___Associated Press writers Rhonda Shafner and Aaron Morrison in New York, Mike Schneider in Orlando, Florida, and Samantha Hendrickson in Columbus, Ohio, contributed to this report.。    近年来，微短剧在网络上掀起了一股热潮，成为人们新兴的娱乐方式。然而，随之而来的付费模式也引发了广泛的争议，微短剧付费到底有多“坑”？　　根据媒体调查，不少消费者都表示遭遇了诸如被自动续费、缴费后难以取消订阅、充值后才发现观看内容缩水甚至根本没有宣传中的内容、写着免费实则看几集后收费、申请退款却找不到入口等等。付费微短剧俨然正被一些心怀叵测的运营者变成与消费者斗智斗勇的游戏。图源：卡乐图片 摄影/贾琼　　剧集收费不定 观剧消费没谱　　据了解，微短剧收费模式主要可以归纳为以下几种：一是订阅制收费模式，用户可以选择按月、季度、年支付一定费用，以获取观看权限。

B | 二是按次收费模式，用户可以按照观看剧集的集数进行付费，例如“0.9元解锁一集”或“9.9元解锁整部剧”的收费方式。三是广告收入模式，微短剧运营者以在剧中插播广告来获取收入，看了广告的消费者不需要缴费观剧。四是付费下载，部分平台提供付费下载服务，用户支付一定费用下载自己喜欢的内容以便离线观看。目前采用较多的收费模式是前三种，且往往是一个应用同时存在这几种收费模式供消费者选择。

C | 　　但无论哪种收费模式都不算便宜，而且付费观看还有可能被“算计”。媒体记者体验多款短剧平台发现，大多需支付200—300元每年。追不同的剧需多平台会员，有的消费者为此每年花费或达数千元。　　有些消费者认为按剧集缴费、只为自己喜欢的剧集买单比较划算。但事实上，这种模式“水最深”，观众都需先用现金充值，然后购买应用里的虚拟货币并按照标价兑换剧集。　　媒体记者在某短剧小程序上观看了一部80集的热播短剧，在免费观看了9集后屏幕弹出付费链接页面。连接页面顶端标明“本集需付费150金豆”，下方则显示各种缴费兑换标准。照150金豆可以观看一集计算（每集观看所需金豆有时是不一样的），根据提示花39元购买的3900个金豆只能看26集。想要看完这部短剧消费者需要花费117元。　　同时，在不少微短剧应用中都没有找到充值说明、使用规则或用户须知。无论什么应用平台，收费方式都大同小异，但是没有发现任何付费协议、说明。付款页面也不许截屏，只要试图截屏就会弹出“当前页面涉及隐私内容，不允许截屏”的字样，这样一来消费者难以留下充值证据维权。付款页面无法截屏（资料图片）　　涉嫌强制续费 消费体验欠佳　　北京的陈女士表示，短剧的剧情包括很多家庭矛盾，还有很多反转，很吸引老年人。自己的母亲一个月下来要花费几百元观看这些短剧。由于老年人使用手机不熟练，有时在收到“解锁一集只需0.9元”等广告宣传的诱导后，很难注意到“默认下一集自动解锁”等选项，导致其在不知情的状况下连续观看而被扣费。　　在某免费短剧App上，如果想付费开通会员，页面便会弹出弹窗显示，“如需开通，请先同意《会员服务协议》和《自动续费服务协议》”，如果消费者不同意开通自动续费，就无法购买会员。不同意自动续费就无法开通会员（资料图片）　　尽管该应用《自动续费服务协议》中提到，自动续费功能可以随时取消。但是有消费者吐槽，按照平台客服指示操作，但就是找不到关闭自动续费功能的入口。

D | 　　虽然通过微短剧应用难以取消自动续费，不过任何自动续费都需要从支付平台扣款，消费者可以尝试从源头阻断，在支付平台（比如支付宝、微信等）直接关闭某个应用的自动续费功能。　　短剧市场坑多 亟待规范发展　　不少消费者还表示，充值后经常面临剧集变短、无法观看、二次付费等问题，而成为年度会员后也会面临看完一部剧就无新剧可看的境遇。　　媒体记者体验某短剧小程序时，出现“免费观看”的二维码链接，扫码后加微信被引导至另一个微短剧小程序，随后自动出现了一部短剧，仅免费看9集后即弹出收费页面，说好的“免费”根本不存在。　　免费变收费，虽然忽悠了消费者，但毕竟可以选择不付费观看，而有的消费者则是付费后发现上当，却无法退款。有消费者反映，在另一款短剧App上先是花了60元按集购买观看，觉得太贵后充值了99元的月会员，准备免费观看所有微短剧时发现，App里面就没有几部剧，有类似经历的消费者不在少数。　　更令消费者糟心的是，当对微短剧应用的服务不满意时，想退费根本退不了。一位消费者称，他首次充了49.9元，买了几千个币，本以为可以看好多集，结果没看几集钱就不够了，只好又充了199元，看了几集发现是个无底洞，就想将剩下的钱退回，但是怎么都联系不上客服。　　原来部分应用中根本没有联系客服的选择，有的应用将客服的联系方式藏在服务条款中，消费者如果不认真从头读到尾，根本发现不了，想退费也自然无从下手。　　尊重消费者权利 微短剧走红更要“走心”　　此前，江苏省消保委曾呼吁，微短剧目前处于行业的风口，更应该珍惜自身的发展土壤。实践证明微短剧也可以小而精、小而美，经营者应：　　树立正确的价值观，向消费者输出正面积极的视频产品；　　尊重消费者各项权利，摒弃竭泽而渔、急功近利的盈利模式。　　无论是哪个年龄段的消费者，都可以有属于自己的“多巴胺”消费品，老年人也不例外。在尊重老年人消费意愿的基础上，除了经营者自觉履行义务，还需要法律监管，社会监督、子女陪伴等各方努力，为老年人“网上冲浪”营造一个安全舒心的环境。　   （透视社综合中国消费者报、央视新闻报道）　　编辑：刘淞菱　　校对：李旭颖　　审核：龚紫陌。

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